- Corals are one of most diverse ecosystems, complex interdependent food web
- Supports 1000s of species
- Some species support the reef while some attack and consume it (i.e. crown of thorns starfish)
- Fish, corals, lobsters, oysters, clams, seahorses, sponges, sea turtles, crocodiles, dolphins, sea stars, sea urchins
- Contain roughly a quarter of all marine life

| producer | prey | predator |
| blue-green algae | common octopus | Tasselled wobbegong |
| phytoplankton | decorator crab | Striped mantis shrimp |
| zooxanthelle | Pygmy seahorse | cuttlefish |
| seagrass | sea turtles | Blue-ringed octopus |
| brown algae | dugongs | Cone shell |
| | manta rays | Whale shark |
| | Sea dragons | Osprey seabird |
| | | Caribbean reef octopus |
| | | lionfish |
DECORATOR CRABS
- Wear their environments on their back
- Seaweed, sponges, algae attach to their satae (bristle structures coating their body)
- Wear sea sponges like a hat
- Went in opposite direction of complex camouflage evolution like that of cuttlefish and octopuses, instead simply pick up and wear parts of their environment to blend in with it as well as warn predators (aposematism)
- Work smarter not harder
- Different groups of the species like to decorate themselves in different ways: generalists, attach and switch decorations to whatever is most common in the area theyre currently inhabiting; others decorate themselves with their sources like small crustaceans, algae, sponges and bryozoans, aposematism approach of covering themselves in toxic plants and immobile animals (sea sponges, barnacles and stinging sea anemones) which they can then wield in defence
- Known to form mutually beneficial relationships with sea anemones, i.e. amphiloba acades, the venomous anemone provide protection from predators



WHALE SHARKS


- Filter feeders
- Can process more than 6,000 litres of water an hour through their gills
- Largest fish in the world, can grow to over 40 ft
- Needs an environment that can sustain its tremendous appetite, coral reefs being a perfect place for just that
- Often migrate to coral reefs around the world
- Vaccum up anything in its path, and filters out whatever it doesn’t want to eat from there
- 300 teeth solely used to filter water